With the seed rate of 8 kg in 1 acre around 40 quintals of hybrid maize can be obtained whereas the average yield is around 10 to 20 quintals in 1 acre.
Quick overview – Yield 1 acre 10 to 20 quintals, 1000 kg to 2000 kg and 1 to 2 tonnes. Yield per hectare 40 quintals.
Plant information
Average height – 3 mt (10 ft), some strains up to 13 m (43 ft).
Stem – Composed of 20 internodes of 18 cm in length.
Leave arrives from the node.
Number of leaves – 8 to 48 with 30 to 150 cm length.
Elongated stigmas (silk) – 18 cm in length.
The ear holds average – 600 kernels.
Fact – Maize is mostly cultivated in the USA and is widely used in making ethanol for vehicles.
Maize farming practices
Climate conditions
It is a warm-weather crop and don’t plant it in less than 19° C areas. Seed growing temperature is 16 to 18°C and plant growing temperature should be 32°C.
Soil
Clay loam soil with less than 10% sand.
Propagation method
Most farmers are using seeds for propagating maize but before sowing seed treatment is required to get rid of diseases. You can treat the seeds with fungicides and insecticides before the planting process. Don’t plant the small seed too deep more than 5 cm into the soil. Seeds can be directly sown in the main field or they can be prepared in nurseries for one month and after that transplanted to the main field.
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Land preparation
Soil tillage practices should be done during land preparation in order to reduce soil erosion by wind or water. According to RCT, there are different ways of tillage including zero tillage, minimum tillage and surface seeding. This guide will definitely help you to prepare an extraordinary land or garden backyard with natural resources. In the beginning primary tillage is done with the help of a plough and other types of equipment. After that rotary, harrows and tined cultivators etc are included for second tillage.
Planting
| Seed rate per hectare/acre | Spacing | Maize plants per hectare |
| Normal grain – 20 kg/ha and 8 kg/acre. Sweet corn – 8 kg/ha and 2.5 to 3 kg/acre. Baby corn – 25 kg/ha and 10 kg/acre. Popcorn – 12 kg/ha and 4.5 kg/acre. Green cob – 20 kg/ha and 7.5 to 8 kg/acre. | Normal grain – 60 x 20 cm or 75 x 20 cm. Sweet corn – 75 x 25 cm or 75 x 30 cm. Baby corn – 60 x 20 cm or 60 x 15 cm. Popcorn – 60 x 20 cm. Green cob – 75 x 20 cm. | Normal grain – 66,000 or 83,000 per hectare. Sweet corn – 53,000 or 45000. Baby corn – 11,000 or 83,000. Popcorn – 83000/ha. Green cob – 66000/ha. |
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Irrigation
Water is required for this plant straight from the germination stage and increases as the plant leaves start coming. Plants in high temperature and low humidity zones need more water than the below-given figures.
2.5 mm each day until it reaches 25 to 30 cm in height.
Silking to dough stage – 6 to 8 mm water per day.
Annual rainfall (minimum) – 350 to 450 mm.
Summer rainfall (minimum) – 15 cm.
Remember excess soil moisture can reduce the yield by 30%. Happily, 80% of the crop is cultivated during the monsoon season and irrigation is not prime in maize cultivation.
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Harvesting
Maize is considered fruit and is harvested from mid-September to october. The green cob cover of the crop changes into white and this is the notification observed by farmers to begin the harvesting.
Plants are still green and the entire plant is cut and put into stacks. Hence the mechanical harvesting method is used to harvest them easily. Dry ears are picked after the stacks are completely dried under sun rays. The optimum moisture content in the grain is expected around 20% while harvesting the crop.
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Yield
Maize yield per hectare
3000 to 4000 kg/30 to 40 quintal/3 to 4 tonnes.
Maize yield per acre
1000 kg to 2000 kg/10 to 20 quintals/1 to 2 tonnes. With hybrid variety up to 40 quintals of yield per acre is possible.
Subsidy
The national food security mission (NFSM) is providing assistance to maize cultivators. It is a government organisation and you should approach it to get help in getting hybrid seeds and machinery. FICC is another organisation providing schemes and helping farmers with maize cultivation in India.
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FAQ
What is the maize yield per acre?
1000 to 2000 kg.
What is the maize yield per hectare?
3000 to 4000 kg.
What is the maize yield per acre in quintals?
3 to 4 quintals.
What is the seed rate per acre?
Depending on types: Normal grain 8 kg/acre, sweet corn 2.5 to 3 kg/acre, baby corn 10 kg/acre, popcorn 4.5 kg/acre and green cob 7.5 to 8 kg/acre.
Is maize farming profitable?
Yes, by investing Rs 17000 you can achieve a net profit of Rs 19000 from 1 acre in less time.
Can I get a subsidy for maize cultivation in India?
Yes, by approaching the national food security mission and FICC you can get subsidies and help.
When should I have his maize crop?
Sep to oct.
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