1 acre coconut farm income depends on the number of trees, 180 to 200 trees are considered for coconut farming in India. However, 80 to 200 or 500 trees can also be planted. By planting only 150 coconut trees in 1 acre farmers are earning average profit of Rs 1958000 after reducing the cost. This blog presents a decent project report containing cost and profit in 1 acre farm.
Quick Overview - Coconut plantation per acre 150 to 200 trees, 1 acre profit Rs 1958000.
Coconut tree - The coconut tree is the only living species of the genus cocos. It is the member of palm tree family (Arecaceae) they grows tall and easily touches the height of 100 ft (30 mt). In fertile soil one healthy and tall tree can produce upto 75 fruits per year but more often the coconut yield is less than 30.
The tree takes 6 to 10 years to produce the first fruit and it takes 15 – 20 years to reach the peak.
To calculate 1 acre coconut farm income per year, calculate the estimated cost then reduce this cost from the profit to get the net profit. Let's begin.
Cost per acre
Price of 1 coconut plant is between Rs 80 to Rs 120.
If no of coconut trees per acre is 150 plants (depends on spacing).
Then Rs 80 x 120 plants = Rs 12000.
Other Costs
Manure and fertilizer - Rs 6000.
Irrigation - Rs 5000.
Labour charges - Rs 15,000.
Extra sand (1 load) - Rs 2000.
Plant protection charges - Rs 2000.
Other cost total = Rs 30,000.
Add planting material cost i.e Rs 12000.
Rs 30,000 + Rs 12000 = Rs 42000.
Total Cost for 1st year = Rs 42,000.
Note - Drip irrigation cost is not included, drip irrigation installation cost is around Rs 50,000 you can add it accordingly.
To get the cost for next 5 years we have to find the cost of 2nd year then multiply it by 5 and then add it with the first year cost.
To get 2nd year cost reduce plant material cost, some labour cost, sand cost from the first year cost.
2nd year cost = Reduce 1 time cost i.e. Rs 42000 - Rs 2000 (sand) - Rs 12000 (planting cot) - Rs 10,000 (labour cost) = Rs 18,000.
Now add harvesting charge to 2nd year cost i.e. Rs 18000 + Rs 2000 (harvesting charge) = Rs 20,000.
Rs 20,000 is the cost for 2nd year, for next 5 year multiply 2nd year cost by 5.
5 year cost= Rs 20,000 (2nd year cost) x 5 years = Rs 100000.
Total cost = 1st year cost + 5 year cost.
Total cost = Rs 42,000 + Rs 100000 = Rs 142000.
Total Cost for 6 years = Rs 142000.
Note - coconut fruit starts bearing fruit after 6 years therefore profit will start after six years hence, mix cropping is advised to generate regular income for survival.
Coconut farming profit per acre
1 coconut price is between Rs 25 to Rs 50.
In Delhi the price of 1 coconut varies between Rs 50 to Rs 80 per piece.
1 tree can produce 35 nuts after 6 year of planting.
Coconuts per acre
If 150 trees are planted in 1 acre then.
150 trees x 35 nuts = 5250 nuts.
1 tree is harvested 8 times in a year therefore it will produce average 35 nuts 8 times in a year.
It simply means 150 trees produce average 35 nuts 8 times a year.
Now multiply the total nuts obtained by 150 trees with 8 to get the yield data.
Coconut yield per acre = 8 x 5250 nuts = 42,000 nuts.
If the price of a single nut is Rs 50 (according to region).
Rs 50 x 42000 nuts = Rs 2100000.
Profit = Rs 2100000.
Net profit = profit - cost.
Net Profit - Rs 2100000 - Rs 142000 = Rs 104900.
Net Profit = Rs 1958000.
So, Rs 1958000 is the 1 acre coconut farm income.
Note - Profit may differ according to the location and nut price. In Delhi and Uttarakhand 1 nut price is between Rs 50 to Rs 80 according to the season. Whereas the nut price may go down by Rs 25 in South regions like Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu, Kerala and Karnataka etc.
Read this - how many coconut trees per acre
Coconut farming for beginners
Price of 1 sapling - Rs 70 to 100, Rs 120 if you are purchasing a single plant then you may get it between Rs 100 to Rs 120 and if you are purchasing plants in bulk then you may get it between Rs 35 to 55 according to your region and market.
Varieties
Mainly tall and dwarf are two types of varieties cultivated. Hybrid coconut variety is also cultivated; this variety depends on the count of labour and water.
In case you missed - Coconut farm income per year
Tall variety
- Some of the tall varieties are chandrakalpa, west coast tall , kera sagra, tiptur tall, aliyar nagar 1, VPM3, Philippines ordinary.
- Tall varieties live up to 80 to 90 years.
- Best soil lateritic soil, red loam soil, littoral sands.
- They are disease resistant varieties and easily grown at the height of 3000 ft above sea level.
- Tall tree bears medium to big size coconut.
- The fruit color varies from green, yellow, orange, brown.
- The tree height in meters is around 15 to 18 meter in India whereas Cocos nucifera is a large tree that grows up to 30 m (100ft) tall with 4-6 m long leaves and 60 – 90 cm long pinnae.
Dwarf variety
- Some of the dwarf tree varieties are chowghat green dwarf, chowghat orange dwarf, and dwarf yellow variety.
- Dwarf tree height is around 5 to 7 meter.
- Dwarf tree bears fruits earlier than tall coconut trees.
- The average life of dwarf coconut tree is between 40 to 50 years.
- The weight of the fruit is around 85 g
- Dwarf fruit contains nearly 85 % of oil.
Hybrid variety
- Some of the hybrid coconut tree varieties are kerasanakara, chandralaksha, keraganga, kerasree, chandrasankara, anandaganga, VHC 1, VHC 2, VHC 3.
- Hybrid variety is produced by crossing two high quality morphological forms of coconut.
- Hybrid palm trees are known for early flowering and early fruit set.
- This variety is capable of higher copra production.
Soil required
Soil ph 5.2 to 8.6, laterite soil, alluvial and red sandy loam. Water holding capacity soil is preferred in coconut cultivation.
Climate required
The required temperature is 27° C whereas humidity should be around 80 % to 85 % while coconut farming humidity should not go below 60 %.
Land preparation
Ploughing is usually done before planting any plant in this case you can do slight ploughing then remove unwanted tiny stones from the planting area. Then cleaning needs to be done of the whole farm.
Ridge planting is done when the groundwater level is high. Pre monsoon is the best time for planting coconut plants, plant within May-June so that they can thrive quickly.
However, planting in April and September is also possible with good irrigation arrangements.
Dig the pits of 3 x 3 x 3 ft then fill these pits with FYM, sand and red earth soil, increase the height of the soil up to 55 - 60 cm within the pit then plant the coconut seedlings in the centre and press the soil correctly with both hands or soil tool.
Coconut tree planting distance
Coconut plantation distance should be calculated to avoid unequal water distribution and overlapping of the trees with each other. Overlapping can reduce the growth of the plants and is also responsible for less fruit, small and late fruit bearing.
- Spacing is divided in 3 types according to the variety.
- Coconut tree spacing (tall variety) - 7.5 x 7.5 m.
- Hybrid tree spacing - 8.5 m x 8.5 m.
- Dwarf tree spacing - Dwarf coconut spacing should be 6.5 m x 6.5 m.
Coconut tree plantation per acre
Triangular, square, single hedge and double hedge planting format is used. One should plant between 80 to 200 coconut plants per acre according to spacing.
Propagation methods
Coconut plants are grown by seed nuts and for that, you must select a good quality mother coconut plant some of the features of the mother plant are given below.
- Select the disease-free tree.
- The tree should produce fruits regularly.
- The age of the tree should be between 25 years to 40 years.
- Select a high yielding variety that can produce nearly 80 to 100 nuts yearly.
- Copra weight should be around 150 g.
- Nuts from the tree should be over 600 g.
Water irrigation
Don’t use single-channel irrigation instead use main or sub-channel irrigation.Select a better irrigation option among drip irrigation or water sprinkler. Drip irrigation is helpful while saving water it can save 30 to 40 % of water which results in good yield performance.
Look at the basin irrigation requirements in Tamil Nadu under normal conditions - Feb to May 410 I/6 days, Jan, Aug, Sep 410 I/7 days and June - July, oct-dec 410I/9 days.
Pests and disease management
Remove the diseased and dead parts of the plant then destroy them. Provide sufficient irrigation, use some medicinal plants while mix cropping so that they can get rid of unwanted disease and pests.
While mix cropping you can plant neem tree twigs. While fertilizing use neem tree leaves as fertilizer you can also spread some sacks of neem leaves in your coconut farm. It will provide shield protection to your plant from various pests and insects. The use of turmeric is also a good option for intercropping.
Pests and disease
Eriophyid mite, red palm weevil, leaf-eating caterpillar, skipper, coreid bug, bagworm, white grub, termite, lacewing bug, scale insect, mealybug, rat, nut borer, nematodes, palm civet, rhinoceros beetle.
Disease - Tanjore wilt, leaf rot, grey leaf spot, leaf rot, stem bleeding, crown chocking, leaf blight
Harvesting and yields
Tall and dwarf trees can be harvested 8 times annually. 11 month old nuts are used for coir making due to good fiber quality. For making copra 12 month old nuts are harvested in an interval of 30 to 45 days. An average coconut yield per tree in Tamil Nadu is 35 to 45 nuts.
Three types of harvesting methods are:
- Power tiller operated ladder.
- Climbing.
- Climbing cycle.
Coconut yield per tree
A good and healthy coconut tree can produce around 80 nuts per year but more often 35 coco nuts are produced by 1 coconut tree per year.
Loans and subsidies
Coconut Development Board is responsible for new schemes, subsidies and loans for coconut farming.
Major coconut producing states in India
The production occurs in more than 90 countries. India is a big coconut producer and produces 12 million tonnes per year. Top coconut producing states in India are Tamil Nadu (33.84%), Odisha, Kerala, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Puducherry, Gujarat, West Bengal, Lakshadweep, Andaman and Nicobar.
Coconut health benefits
It is used for its water, milk, meat and oil. Some of the health benefits are given below:
- Eating coconut may improve good cholesterol levels.
- Regular consumption help to decrease belly fat.
- Works as an antioxidant due to phenolic compounds present in the nut.
- It is easy to add to your diet.
- Its oil is high in MCTs.
- It is good for heart health.
- Due to MCTs it may reduce hunger.
- MCTs present in coconut oil may reduce seizures.
- Its oil may raise HDL (good) cholesterol.
- The oil is helpful to protect your skin, hair and teeth.
- It may boost brain function in Alzheimer's disease.
- High in fiber which helps in keeping digestive system healthy.
- Helpful in stabilizing blood sugar.
- Coconuts are good for immune system.
- Due to MCTs it may benefit your brain.
FAQ
1. When coconut tree start bearing fruits?
The tree can produce first fruit after 6 years however; it may take 10 years in some cases.
2. How many coconuts per tree?
A tall and healthy tree can produce around 75 coconuts. However most tree produces around 35 nuts per tree.
3. How much time coconut tree takes to deliver more fruits?
The tree takes more than 15 to 20 years to reach the peak production of nuts.
4. What is the coconut trees life span?
The tree bears first fruit between 6-10 years and lives 60-70 years.
5. Is coconut the tree of life?
Yes, due to full of energy properties and easy to digest nature it is recommended to every patient after major operation by the doctors hence, we can say the it is a tree of life. Its water is also used as detox drink.
6. How many different types of coconut trees are there?
Tall, dwarf and hybrid.
7. What is the average height of coconut tree in India?
This tree height in India is between 15 to 18 meter. However, Cocos nucifera is a taller tree of 30m tall.
8. What is the weight of the coconut?
A full sized coconut fruit weight is about 1.4kg
9. What are some dwarf coconut tree varieties?
Dwarf yellow variety, green dwarf variety, chowghat orange dwarf tree, chowghat green dwarf tree.
10. How many coconut trees can be planted in an acre?
Plantation depends on spacing and 180, 200 or 500 trees can be planted in an acre. However, 180 to 200 trees are recommended by the experts.
11. Is coconut farming profitable in India?
Yes, Tamil Nadu and Kerala farmers are already making good profit. According to our project report one can easily earn Rs 1958000 by planting only 150 coconut plants per acre.
Hi Can i get the contact details of the coconet plant supply for 4Arc.
Location : Hyderabad
Hi, Mr Ashok, we don’t have contact details of the coconut suppliers at the moment but we may publish a specific article on coconut contract farming in future so stay tuned.