Macadamia is a tropical climate tree and needs good sunlight to grow. The tree yields 1 kg of nuts per year for 5 years and it needs a total of 12 years from the planting period to achieve more than 19 kg of nuts per tree in a year.
Quick overview – Trees per hectare 315 to 375 with 8 x 4 metres spacing, 1-hectare farm income Rs 83,20,000.
Macadami tree information
It is a native tree to North Eastern, New South Wales, Central and Southern East Queensland. The tree has a decent height of 2 feet to 40 feet. Its leaf are vertical in shape 60 to 300 mm long with 30 to 130 mm broadness. Its flowers are long and cylindrical in shape having white and purple colour. It has a hard and woody outer shell containing 1 to 2 seeds.
Macadamia tree-growing countries
India, Uganda, Australia, Kenya, South Africa, Malawi, the United States, Zimbabwe, Tanzania, United Kingdom, United Arab Emirates, Zambia, Rwanda, Kerala, Nepal, New Zealand, Netherlands and Russia etc.
How many macadamia trees per hectare & farm income
Tees per hectare
On the 1-hectare farm, one can easily plant 315 to 375 macadamia plants with a spacing of 8 x 4 m. Dense planting is not recommended in macadamia farming because the plant needs regular and good sunlight. With a spacing of 8 x 4 m farmers are planting 125 to 135 plants in a 1-acre farm to grow their plants healthy and achieve high-quality yield.
Farm income
| Cost per hectare | Farm profit |
| 1 kg macadamia nut’s price in India is Rs 2100 to Rs 4000 as per the variety. Macadamia tree yield per year = 10 to 15 kg. Let’s take an average 12 kg yield. Macadamia yield per hectare = 12 kg x 350 plants = 4200 kg. Let’s take the nuts price = Rs 2100 per kg. Profit = 4200 kg x Rs 2100 = Rs 88,20,000. Net Profit = Rs 88,20,000 (profit) – Rs 500000. Net Profit = Rs 83,20,000. | 1 kg macadamia nut’s price in India is Rs 2100 to Rs 4000. Macadamia tree yield per year = 10 to 15 kg. Let’s take an average 12 kg yield. Macadamia yield per hectare = 12 kg x 350 plants = 4200 kg. Let’s take the nuts price = Rs 2100 per kg. Profit = 4200 kg x Rs 2100 = Rs 88,20,000. Net Profit = Rs 88,20,000 (profit) – Rs 500000. Net Profit = Rs 83,20,000. |
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How to start macadamia nuts farming in India
Farmers need to follow the below-given good practices to grow this tree at the farms.
Varieties
Tetraphylla (edible variety), integrifolia (edible), daddow, a4 and dwarf macadamia.
Climate conditions
It is a subtropical plant and likes high summer temperatures and doesn’t like winter temperatures so avoid it planting in winter.
Temperature classification
- Initial temperatures – 20°C to 25°C.
- Day-night temperature difference – 8°C.
- Summer temperature – Around 25°C to 30°C.
- Winter temperature – below 19°C.
- Night temperature – 19°C.
Soil
Well-drained friable and sandy loam soil having proper drainage is preferred for macadamia cultivation. Soil having a pH level between 5 to 6.5 is used in this farming.
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Propagation method
It can grow with cuttings and seeds. It will take around 12 long years while seed sowing whereas only 5 to 6 years are required while using the cutting propagation method.
Fertilizer
The use of mulch and cow manure is recommended for this tree, especially at the beginning of 4 to 5 years. Give NPK in the ratio of 8:10:5. Leaf mulch, compost, granular plant food, rock meal and algae are good examples of organic fertilizer and should be used to feed the tree.
Macadamia cultivation in India
South Africa is the biggest exporter of mechanical that’s followed by Australia. This precious nut cultivation is also done in India. Due to good sunlight need, it is mostly grown in the warm regions of India, especially in South regions including Maharashtra, Karnataka, Kerala and Andhra Pradesh. However, it can also grow in the good sunlight regions of Uttarakhand Himachal and Punjab etc.
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FAQ
How to paint macadamia trees in South Africa?
To reduce trunk disease dig the pits around 1 meter. Soil ph should be 5 to 6.5 with good drainage. Plant around 350 trees in 1 hectare and 135 trees in 1 acre.
How many kgs of macadamia nuts are produced by 1 tree?
After 5 years around 10 kg of macadamia yield per tree is expected.
Is macadamia farming profitable?
Yes, it is profitable farming by planting 325 trees in one hectare one can achieve around Rs 83,00000 after deducting the cost.
Can I start macadamia farming in Karnataka?
Yes, it is a subtropical tree and needs good sunlight. Karnataka is a state that falls in the southern region of India where sunlight occurs for many hours.
How many macadamia trees per acre can be planted?
125 to 135 trees.
How many tons of macadamia per hectare can be obtained?
1 hectare = 135 trees.
1 tree yield = 12 kg (average).
1 hectare yield in tons = 12 kg x 350 plants = 42 quintal (4200 kg).
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