This post consists of mustard cultivation profit per acre with a complete project report. We have also shared mustard farming practices along with mustard uses and benefits.
Introduction mustard cultivation
India is on the top position in mustard cultivation. Mustard is basically cultivated for its edible oil which is majorly used in almost all Indian kitchens. However mustard oil is also used for medicinal purposes, body massage and hair oil etc therefore this edible oil has a huge domestic and international mustard oil market in India. Mustard oil market size in India is big due to the vital participation by Indian states including Rajasthan, Gujarat, UP, West Bengal, Haryana, Madhya Pradesh and Assam. Mustard seed is used as condiments in Indian dishes including curries and vegetables.
What is mustard plant
Information about mustard plant – the mustard plant is a species in genera brassica and Sinapis belongs to the family Brassicaceae (mustard family). Mustard seed is mostly used as a Spice.
A genetic relationship has been observed between several species of mustard, turnip, cabbage and their related derivatives and has been described as a triangle of U.
Mustard condiment recipe – Prepared mustard is the yellow condiment made from the seeds of the mustard plant. It is formed by grinding and mixing the seeds of mustard with water, vinegar or other liquids.
Mustard oil seeds – The seeds of mustard plants are pressed for making mustard oil moreover, mustard leaves are edible and are eaten as mustard greens.
Mustard is a highly cultivated oilseed crop in India in comparison to other oilseed crops.
Benefits of mustard farming – Mustard cultivation is possible in less irrigation as well
Mustard plant family history
According to Encyclopaedia Britannica Mustard was first grown by the Indus Civilization of 2500 – 1700 BC. As per the Saskatchewan mustard Development Commission, some of the earliest mustard documents were found in Sumerian and Sanskrit text from 3000 BC. In 2021 B.Rapa announced a conclusion that the species may have been domesticated as long as 6000 years in Central Asia, turnips or oilseed may have been the first product.
Mustard farming project report
Mustard farming cost per acre
- Seed required 2 to 2.5 quintal in 1 acre mustard farm
- The average market price of mustard seed is Rs 3800 to 4250 per quintal
- If 2 quintal seeds are used then
- 2 quintal seeds x Rs 3800 = Rs 7600
- Seed cost = Rs 7600
Other cost
- Irrigation cost – Rs 2500
- Fertilizer cost – Rs 900
- Land preparation cost – Rs 5000
- Harvesting cost – Rs 700
- Miscellaneous cost – Rs 500
- Total = Rs 9600
Total cost = Seed cost + other cost
- Total cost = Rs 7600 + 9600
- Total cost = Rs 17,200
Mustard farming profit per acre
- After sowing 2 to 2.5 quintal in one acre
- Farmer can produce 6 to 8 quintal of mustard
- If 7.5 quintal mustard is produced then
- The mustard price per quintal varies between Rs 3800 to 4200 or more
- Let take Rs 4200 per quintal mustard
- 7.5 quintal mustard x Rs 4200 = Rs 31,500
Net profit = mustard profit per acre – mustard cost per acre
- Net profit = Rs 31,500 – Rs 17,200
- Net profit = Rs 14,300
Thus average yield mustard per acre will be nearly Rs 14,300
Note – This is the assumption of the mustard project Report that may vary according to market, region and variety.
Where mustard is grown globally
Mustard species name and place given
- Mild white mustard (Sinapis Alba)
- Grows wild in the following places
- North Africa
- Middle East
- Mediterranean Europe
- Oriental mustard (Brassica juncea)
- Oriental mustard is originally from the foothills of the Himalaya and famous for commercial mustard production in the following regions
- Mustard farming in India
- UK farming mustard (wild mustard plant UK)
- Mustard crop in US
- Mustard farming in Canada
- Mustard cultivation Bangladesh
- Mustard seed denmark
- Black mustard (Brassica nigra)
- Savora mustard Argentina
- Chile
- US mustard
- Mustard seed Europe
- White mustard (Sinapis alba)
- White mustard is commonly used as cover crop in Europe between UK and Ukraine
- Mustard cover crop UK
- Ukraine mustard seeds (Ukrainian mustards are famous in the forms of ukrainian mustard pickle)
- Many varieties of good quality mustard exist in Germany and the Netherlands. Mustard from Netherlands is quite famous for its oil content and mustard oil in Netherlands has a great domestic and global demand.
Mustard cultivation practices in India FAQ
Cultivation process of mustard crop – If you are starting mustard cultivation in UK, USA, Canada, India or anywhere in the globe you just need to collect the basic information about mustard plant and seed. For better information of mustard farming please follow the below-given steps and perform according to your region.
How to start mustard farming basic guide for beginners is explained step by step
Mustard is Rabi or Kharif crop?
Rabi crop – In India mustard is grown in the Rabi season from Sep-oct to Feb- March therefore it is considered as a Rabi crop in India. Rabi crops are grown in the winter season and harvested in summers or early summers.
Kharif crop – Mustard is not a Kharif crop because Kharif crops are such domesticated plants that are basically cultivated and harvested in the monsoon season.
How long mustard take to grow?
Mustard is a fast-growing crop and needs nearly 90-120 days to reach the harvesting stage.
What climate is required for mustard?
Climate for mustard plant – Mustard is grown in a subtropical climate and is a Rabi season crop. It simply means it needs a dry and cool climate hence it thrives well in winters. The best climate for growing mustard plants or mustard greens is a cold climate from September end to February.
Temperature required for mustard plant?
Temperature for mustard plant – Temperature for growing mustard plant should be between 10°C to 25°C.
What is the Rainfall required for mustard in cm?
Mustard crop does not tolerate Frost therefore it needs a clear atmosphere. Rainfall required for mustard plants is 625 to 1000 mm yearly.
Explain Irrigation management in mustard farming?
Mustard irrigation schedule – Pre-soaking irrigation formula should be implemented before sowing the seeds of mustard. After sowing seeds in mustard farm 3 irrigation is required at 4 weeks intervals.
Soil required for mustard farming?
Mustard farming soil requirements – Mustard can be grown in a wide range of soils including light to heavy loamy soils. Mustard plants prefer medium to deep range soil with a good drainage system.
Soil pH for mustard Greens – 6.0 to 7.5 is considered the ideal soil ph level for mustard crop
Explain land preparation of mustard plant?
Mustard farm – Couple of ploughing and harrowing should be done before sowing mustard plants. After Kharif, the mustard crop field should be prepared by performing crosswise harrowing a couple or thrice.
When mustard is sown and harvested?
Generally, the mustard crop is sown in the month of late September October and harvested in the mid of February.
Seeds treatment in mustard cultivation?
Seed treatment of mustard – Mustard seed is treated with thiram at 3 grams per kg to avoid the seed disease
How to sow mustard?
Mustard sowing method – The mustard sowing method is divided into two types if you are growing mustard cultivation as a pure crop then a drilling method is used to sow mustard. If you are doing mustard cultivation as mixed crop cultivation then seeds are sown by broadcasting or drilling method. For proper uniform spacing, you should mix the seed with fine sand and dig the pits of 6 cm and please make sure there should be enough moisture in the soil while sowing the mustard seeds.
When to harvest mustard greens?
mustard harvesting time – Mustard harvesting in India is done after 120-140 days. One should perform harvesting when pods begin to turn yellow and the seed becomes hard. It is good to perform harvesting in the early morning to avoid any kind of shuttering of seeds. The use of farming tools such as sickle is good to cut the crop close to the ground. Whereas the Mustard sowing time is late Sep, october to November
How much mustard seed per acre?
How many mustard seeds per acre
Mustard seed rate per acre – In pure mustard farming seed rate is nearly 1.5 kg to 2.5 kg per acre and 4-6 kg per hectare.
Whereas if mustard is used as a mixed crop then the seed rate is slightly low 2-3 kg per hectare.
What is the mustard spacing in cm?
Mustard plant spacing should be 45 cm x 20 cm.
Name the largest producer of mustard in world?
Canada and Nepal are the major producers of mustard seed accounting for around 57% of world production in 2010.
Which state is the largest producer of mustard in India?
Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh, Haryana, Madhya Pradesh are the top mustard growing states in India.
Is mustard business profitable?
Mustard farming profit per acre – Mustard needs only 3 months to grow and get ready for harvesting. Nearly 2 to 2.5 kg hybrid mustard seeds are required for cultivation in a 1-acre land. Farmers can get approximately a yield of 6 to 8 quintals from a 1-acre mustard farm. The average market price of mustard is Rs 3800 to Rs 4300 per quintal as per the quality. If 6 quintal is produced from 1 acre then 6 quintal multiplied by Rs 3800 = Rs 22800
Hybrid mustard cultivation
- Hybrid mustard seed variety
- Pusa mahak
- Pusa agrani
- Narendra agethi
- Varuna
- 45 S 42
- 45 S 46
- Shredda
- Koral 432
Commercial hybrid varieties of mustard in India
- Pusa Agrani (SEJ-2)
- Kranti
- Pusa vijay (NPJ-93)
- Pusa mustard 27 (EJ-17)
- Pusa karishma (LES-39)
- Punjab bold
- Pusa mustard 28 (NPJ-124)
- Pusa mustard 26 (NNPJ-113)
- Pusa Tarak (EJ-13)
- Pusa mustard 24 (LET-18)
- Krishna
- Varun
- Sita
- Pusa Mahak (JD-6)
- Pusa mustard 21 (LES 1 27)
- Pusa mustard 22 (LET-17)
- Pusa mustard 25 (NPJ 112)
Mustard oil biodiesel
Biodiesel is a form of diesel fuel derived from plant and animal waste. Various research has shown a study that there are varieties of mustards with high oil contents that can be used for biodiesel production. Biodiesel is a renewable liquid fuel similar to diesel fuel. The good thing about mustard biodiesel is the biodiesel made of mustard oil has good flow properties and cetane ratings.
Cetane ratings – Cetane number indicates the combustion speed of diesel fuel and compression needed for ignition. Cetane number plays a similar role for diesel as Octane rating does for gasoline. The CN number is one of the important factors to determine the quality of diesel fuel.
Mustard oil pesticide – After pressing out the oil the leftover meal has been found to be an effective pesticide.
Local names of mustard in India
- Kali sarson – Hindi
- Rai – Gujarati
- Avalu – Telugu
- Sasave – Kannada
- Sorisha – Kashmiri
- Kadugu – Tamil
- Kaduku – Malayalam
- Kalee sarson – Punjabi
- Rai
- Banarasi rai
- Assue
Health benefits of mustard
- Useful muscle pain relief
- Helps in Arthritis treatment
- Mustard oil has anti aging properties
- Useful in lowering cholesterol
- Delivers good benefit in body massage
- Helpful in headache and pain relief
- Good for hair growth and density
- Good for weight loss
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